Biomass Feedstocks for Liquid Biofuels Production in Hawaii & Tropical Islands: A Review

Many tropical islands, including Aruba, Seychelles, Mauritius, and Pacific Island countries, are entirely dependent on importing fossil fuels to meet their energy demands. Due global warming, improving use efficiency developing regionally available renewable resources necessary reduce carbon emissions. This review analyzed identified biomass feedstocks produce liquid biofuels targeting particularly focusing Hawaii as a case study. Transportation generation sectors consume 25.5% 11.6%, respectively, of Hawaii's imported fuels. Various nonedible with information availability, production, average yields oils, fiber, sugars, lipid content for production add value the total mix. The conversion technologies costs summarized. In addition, section potentially using sewage sludge biodiesel is also included. Based comparative analysis kamani, croton, pongamia, jatropha, energycane, Leucaena hybrid, gliricidia, eucalyptus feedstock resources, this study proposes that other similar regions can benefit from growing producing economical locally, especially transportation electricity